Ideal Gas Lab

Everywhere

• Topic tabs (under the title) switch between simulations in this lab. Some topics have smaller buttons under the stage for their screens.
• Teach shows live equations with the current numbers and "What to notice" points. Practice gives a numeric problem and a quiz.
• Move the sliders or tap the chips in the right-hand panel. The readings box updates live.
• Pause / Restart control the animation. Clean view hides everything except the stage, for projecting or recording; press Esc to leave it.
• In Practice, type a number (e.g. 12.5 or 3.2e-10), press Check or Enter. Show it on the stage sets the simulation to that problem.
• Nothing is saved: scores reset when the page is reloaded.

Language

• Choose English or বাংলা once on the home page (top right); every lab then opens in that language — tabs, controls, readings, equations, notes, problems and quizzes.

Gas laws

• Boyle's law: push the piston at constant temperature; the molecules bounce faster off the nearer wall and the P–V hyperbola is drawn beside them.
• Charles's law: heat at constant pressure; the box expands and the V–t line points at −273 °C.
• Pressure law: heat in a rigid box and watch the gauge; the P–t line, again through absolute zero.

Ideal gas equation

• PV = nRT: set n, T and V and read P, N and PV = nRT.
• Two states: P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂ with both states drawn.
• Density & moles: ρ = PM/RT for hydrogen, helium, air, oxygen and CO₂.

Kinetic theory

• Where pressure comes from: molecules in a box, the impulse 2mv on the wall, and P = ⅓ρc̄² checked against 1 atm.
• Molecular speeds: Maxwell's distribution with c_p, c̄ and c_rms marked, for any gas and temperature.
• Temperature & energy: KE = 3kT/2, the same for every gas, and the different speeds that gives them.

Humidity

• Relative humidity & dew point: set the air temperature and dew point; RH, absolute humidity and how it feels.
• Saturation curve: the steep e_s–T curve and the horizontal cooling path to the dew point.

Full guide with teaching tips: User manual (also as a PDF).